![]() © Copyright 2013 by The American College of Veterinary Surgeons. b Straightening the loop using external hand pressure and withdrawing the instrument. Additional flexures can be found in the transverse colon, in the sigmoid colon, and at the union between the. Looping in the sigmoid colon a Straightening the loop by withdrawing the instrument and desufflating air (or suctioning insufflated air). In regions where radiopaque calculi (calcium carbonate, calcium oxalate, silica) are commonly encountered in small ruminants, plain radiographs are recommended to determine the appropriate surgical approach(es) and to confirm resolution of the obstruction. and more mobile than the right colic flexure. In 8 of these animals, postoperative radiographs revealed residual calculi in the urethra and were essential for their targeted removal by urethrotomy in 7 animals. Location of uroliths determined by plain radiography included: cystic only (n = 5), distal to the sigmoid flexure and cystic (5), subischial (5), distal to the sigmoid flexure only (3), sigmoid flexure (3), and subischial and cystic (2). The descending-sigmoid flexure is an important landmark in large intestine morphology situated approximately width of two fingers (3 cm) from the left anterior. Radiopaque urinary calculi were detected in 23 (85%) plain radiographic studies. 1 Note that 'right' refers to the patients anatomical right, which may be depicted on. ![]() The right colic flexure is also known as the hepatic flexure, and the left colic flexure is also known as the splenic flexure. Signalment, surgical procedures, radiographic findings, ultrasonographic findings, position of calculi, and how plain radiography influenced surgical management and postoperative treatment were recorded. In the anatomy of the human digestive tract, there are two colic flexures, or curvatures in the transverse colon. Medical records (January 2002-November 2011) and radiographs for all small ruminants diagnosed with obstructive urolithiasis and having plain abdominal radiographs were reviewed. The midgut region receives arterial supply from the superior mesenteric artery and the. Small ruminants (n = 27 25 goats, 2 sheep). The large intestine is a part of the midgut (from the ileocecal junction, the cecum and vermiform appendix to the proximal two-thirds of the transverse colon) and the hindgut (from the distal of the transverse colon to the sigmoid colon). To describe use of plain radiography for diagnosis, surgical management, and postoperative treatment of obstructive urolithiasis in small ruminants.
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